Data

This paper historicizes “rigour”, discipline” and “systematic” as inventions of a certain rational spirit of Enlightenment that was radicalized during the 19th century. These terms acquired temporary value in a transition during the 19th century when a culture of research was established within a modern episteme. Beginning in the 20th century, this development was perceived as problematic, triggering criticism from philosophy and the arts, and even within the sciences.

The objective of a community detection algorithm is to group similar nodes in a network into communities, while increasing the dissimilarity between them. Several methods have been proposed but many of them are not suitable for large-scale networks because they have high complexity and use global knowledge. The Label Propagation Algorithm (LPA) assigns a unique label to every node and propagates the labels locally, while applying the majority rule to reach a consensus. Nodes which share the same label are then grouped into communities.

Krieg, Krisen und Umbrüche, aber auch Fortschrittsglaube, Hoffnungen und Kontinuitäten kennzeichnen Europa im Zeitalter der Weltkriege. In der deutsch-belgischen Grenzregion führen Grenzverschiebungen zu Orientierungslosigkeit, aber auch Beharrung. Eupen-Malmedy ist zu jener Zeit Randregion zwischen zwei Vaterländern, die in ihm keinen Zwischenraum erkennen wollen. Identitätskonflikte polarisieren und radikalisieren die politische Auseinandersetzung. Krieg wird erlebbar. Gleichzeitig verändern Massenmedien wie Zeitungen, Radio oder das Kino die Sicht der Menschen auf die Welt.

This special issue dedicated to the 90s as a turning decade for Internet and the Web highlights the developments and choices – both technical and economic, but also cultural, societal and political – that contributed to the massification of the Internet and the discovery of the Web by the general public.

One of the characteristic features of modern life is the omnipresence of images - in public life as well as in the private surroundings. At latest with coining the term "Visual history" at the beginning of the nineteen nineties historical disciplines are dealing with this ever growing pool of pictorial sources. This is also true for educational history - especially when keeping in mind that the use of images in an educational context is common practice since early modern ages.

L’euro est l’une des grandes aventures du XXe siècle. Pour la première fois des pays égaux et souverains consentent d’abandonner leurs monnaies nationales - symbole intrinsèque aux États nations - pour créer une monnaie unique gérée par une nouvelle institution, une banque centrale à l’échelon de l’Europe. Si l’euro ressemble davantage à un instrument technique pour une meilleure intégration économique, il représente surtout une construction institutionnelle originale et une forte avancée politique, néanmoins incomplète.

initialement laboratoire d’une démocratie technique inachevée, la gouvernance de l’Internet pose rapidement la question de l’articulation du rôle des États, des experts techniques, des acteurs économiques, des groupes impliqués et des usagers en général. Elle implique de penser les continuités et ruptures dans le temps court de l’histoire d’Internet, mais aussi dans la poursuite de luttes plus anciennes pour la maîtrise de l’information et des communications, où les rapports de pouvoir n’ont jamais été absents.

A C²DH Lecture Series

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